![]() ![]() Wallis, the editor, emended the manuscripts. However, these quotations do not provide entirely conclusive evidence because they are from an edited and modernised text published at Bodmin in 1827, The Bodmin register, so that it is impossible to know to what extent J. The wood, called Dynmure Wood, was ever open and common for all Burgesses and Inhabitants of Bodmyn, till now of late, as well for all manner kind of their beasts to common therein, as to have their burden wood, to bear and carry away upon their backs, of lop, crop, hook, crook, and bag wood, without contradiction, let, or disturbance, of any manner persons. ![]() In 1525, during one of the disputes between the town and the prior, the mayor wrote that Where the said inhabitants have used to have common pasture, with all manner of beasts, and common fuel, in a wood called Dynmure Wood, a mile from the said town, that is to say, with hook and crook to lop and crop and to carry away, upon their backs, and none other ways, the same Prior hath within this 15th year caused the said wood to be inclosed, and gates locked, so that the said Inhabitants have much labour and pain going to and from the said wood, to fetch their foresaid fuel, and thereby utterly excluded from their said common and pasture. The following is from a petition from the town of Bodmin, in Cornwall, to King Henry VIII, between 15: The phrase might have originated in laws or customs which regulated the gathering of firewood by tenants. ³ The word hepe, found only in this text, is from Middle Dutch heepe, designating a sickle-shaped pruning-knife or bill perhaps Gower knew it from a Dutch proverbial phrase. In Confessio Amantis ( The Lover’s Confession – 1390), the English poet John Gower (circa 1330-1408) used hepe ³ in place of hook he wrote that “ Coveitise” (Covetousness) has two counsellors, “ Falswitnesse” and “ Perjurie”, who ![]() ² spirituality: ecclesiastical revenue received in return for spiritual services. Their ideas influenced the thought of John Huss, who in turn influenced Martin Luther.-definition: Lexico. They believed that the Church should help people to live a life of evangelical poverty and imitate Christ. ¹ The Lollards were the followers of the 14 th century English religious reformer John Wycliffe. They sell sacraments, as orders, and other spirituality ², as hallowing of altars, of churches, and churchyards and compel men to buy all this with hook or crook. Þei sillen sacramentis, as ordris, and oþere spiritualte, as halwyng of auteris, of chirchis, and chircheȝerdis and compellen men to bie alle þis wiþ hok or crok. – second instance, from Þe grete sentence of curs expouned ( The great sentence of the curse expounded): If they should have any high sacraments or appointments from the high prelates, commonly they should buy them with poor men’s goods with hook or with crook. Ȝif þei schullen haue ony heiȝe sacramentis or poyntis of þe heiȝe prelatis, comynly þei schulle bie hem wiþ pore mennus goodis wiþ hook or wiþ crok. – first instance, from Whi pore prestis han none benefice ( Why poor priests have no benefice): This phrase is first recorded in Lollard ¹ tracts dating from around 1380, which condemned the selling of ecclesiastical positions and rights: The phrase by hook or (by) crook means by any possible means. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |